What Is a RO-RO Ship? Complete Guide to Roll-On Roll-Off Vessels

A RO-RO (Roll-on/Roll-off) ship is a vessel designed to carry wheeled cargo that is driven on and off the ship on its own wheels or using a platform vehicle. Unlike container ships where cargo must be lifted by cranes, RO-RO vessels have built-in ramps that allow vehicles to be driven directly into the ship's cargo decks.

These specialised vessels are the backbone of the global vehicle shipping industry, transporting millions of cars, trucks, and heavy machinery across the world's oceans every year. Major shipping lines operating RO-RO services include Wallenius Wilhelmsen, Höegh Autoliners, NYK Line, and K Line.

Modern RO-RO vessels are engineering marvels. The largest Pure Car and Truck Carriers (PCTCs) can carry up to 8,000 vehicles across multiple internal decks. Key features include:

- Adjustable decks: Internal decks can be raised or lowered to accommodate vehicles of different heights, from sports cars to SUVs and trucks.
• Stern and quarter ramps: Heavy-duty ramps at the rear and sometimes the side of the vessel allow efficient loading and unloading.
• Ventilation systems: Sophisticated air circulation systems prevent the buildup of exhaust fumes and maintain appropriate conditions.
• Lashing equipment: Dedicated securing points and professional lashing equipment keep vehicles firmly in place during ocean transit.

RO-RO shipping offers several significant advantages for vehicle transport. For a complete comparison, read our car shipping methods guide.

Cost-effective: RORO is typically 30–50% cheaper than container shipping for standard vehicles, making it the most economical option for most customers. See our cost calculator for live pricing.

Efficient loading: Vehicles are simply driven on and off — no crane lifting required. This reduces handling time and the risk of damage during loading.

Regular schedules: Major RO-RO routes operate on fixed schedules, similar to a ferry service, providing predictable departure and arrival dates. Check our RORO sailing schedule for upcoming departures.

Wide availability: RORO services cover virtually all major international trade routes, with regular sailings from UK ports to destinations worldwide.

Choosing between RORO and container shipping depends on several factors:

For most standard, running vehicles on popular routes, RORO is the recommended choice. Container shipping is better for high-value vehicles, non-runners, or when you need to ship personal effects alongside the vehicle. Need help deciding? Get a free quote from our experts.

The Ship Cars operates RORO services from several major UK ports to all international destinations:

- Southampton: The UK's largest vehicle handling port, with services to virtually all global destinations including USA and Australia.
• Tilbury: Convenient for London and South East, with excellent connections to Africa and the Middle East.
• Bristol (Portbury): Serves West of England and Wales, with growing international vehicle services.
• Grimsby & Immingham: Major hub for European and Scandinavian RORO services.

We'll advise on the best port for your shipment based on your location and destination, ensuring the most cost-effective and convenient routing. Check our RORO schedule for sailing dates.